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Test Tube Baby (IVF / ICSI)

Test Tube Baby (IVF/ ICSI)

What is IVF ?

There are various reasons & causes for Infertility, therefore are Techniques and Treatments too. In vitro fertilization is a highly sophisticated, meticulously timed which involves removing a ripened egg or eggs from the female’s ovary, fertilizing it with sperm, incubating the dividing cells in a laboratory dish and then replacing the developing embryo in the uterus at the appropriate time. The success and availability of IVF has raised the hopes of many infertile couples who have not been able to conceive because of infertility associated with not only blocked or absent fallopian tubes but also male infertility and many other causes

The steps of IVF are:

  • Stimulation of Egg Maturation
  • Egg Retrieval
  • Fertilization
  • Embryo Transfer

Preparing for an IVF Cycle

  • Before the first cycle a physician will do a semen analysis for the male partner and a trial or mock embryo transfer. IVF is generally preceded by the use of ovulation-stimulating drugs to increase the number of mature eggs that can be retrieved.
  • The process of IVF usually includes Ovulation Induction, Egg Retrieval and Embryo Transfer.

What is Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)?

  • Before a man’s sperm can fertilize a woman’s egg, the head of the sperm must attach to the outside of the egg.  Once attached, the sperm pushes through the outer layer to the inside of the egg (cytoplasm), where fertilization takes place. Sometimes the sperm cannot penetrate the outer layer, for a variety of reasons. The egg’s outer layer may be thick or hard to penetrate or the sperm may be unable to swim. In these cases, a procedure called intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can be done along with in vitro fertilization (IVF) to help fertilize the egg. During ICSI, a single sperm is injected directly into the cytoplasm the egg.

How does ICSI work?

There are two ways that an egg may be fertilized by IVF: traditional and ICSI. In traditional IVF, 50,000 or more swimming sperm are placed next to the egg in a laboratory dish. Fertilization occurs when one of the sperm enters into the cytoplasm of the egg. In the ICSI process, a tiny needle, called a micropipette, is used to inject a single sperm into the center of the egg. With either traditional IVF or ICSI, once fertilization occurs, the fertilized egg (now called an embryo) grows in a laboratory for 1 to 5 days before it is transferred to the woman’s uterus (womb).

Why would I need ICSI?

  • ICSI helps to overcome fertility problems, such as:
  • The male partner produces too few sperm to do artificial insemination (intrauterine insemination [IUI]) or IVF.
  • The sperm may not move in a normal fashion.
  • The sperm may have trouble attaching to the egg.
  • A blockage in the male reproductive tract may keep sperm from getting out.
  • Eggs have not fertilized by traditional IVF, regardless of the condition of the sperm.
  • In vitro matured eggs are being used.
  • Previously frozen eggs are being used.

Other Services

Embryo Freezing

Embryo freezing is a procedure that allows people to store embryos for later use. … A doctor can then transfer the embryo to the womb, or uterus. If the treatment is successful, the embryo will develop. Fertilization often results in more than one embryo, and the doctor can freeze and preserve the remaining embryos

Donor Program

Egg donation means when a woman with good ovarian reserves donates Egg Oocytes to infertile woman, having poor egg reserve (ovarian reserve), or no egg formation due to age or any other reason. Gobind Fertility Centre carries very successful egg donation program, following all guidelines laid by ICMR under which it is clearly mentioned that no ART Clinic can provide oocyte donors, sperm donors and surrogate mother to the patient directly, a separate ART Bank (Artificial reproductive Technology Bank) is required for the same. We have collaboration with ART BANKS who provide us a wide range of Indian Donors & Causasian Donors too. Our centre always encourage professional egg donation, which means where donor goes IVF to donate eggs for couple rather than egg sharing (in which eggs are shared with a couple undergoing IVF for themselves). Incase of egg sharing there is compromise of both IVF cycles.

WHO REQUIRE EGG DONATION?

  • If a woman has no ovaries (either cogenitally absent or removed due to any surgery).
  • Women having very low quality of ovarian reserve, may be due to age or can be some unexplained reason.
  • A previous history of IVF failures.
  • Premature Ovarian failure (where menopause has started much earliar, before 40).
  • Genetically transmitted disease that could be passed on to your child.

Vitrification

Embryos and eggs can now be successfully frozen and thawed better than ever. Until recently, embryo and egg freezing (also called cryopreservation) were accomplished with a technology known as “slow freezing.” This has recently been replaced with a more sophisticated technology called vitrification, which is generally felt to be a superior process for cryopreservation. Freezing embryos and eggs When patients undergo an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle, they will hopefully produce a number of viable embryos. Any embryos that aren’t immediately transferred back to the patient are placed in cryostorage, meaning they are frozen and stored until they are needed for later transfer. Unfertilized eggs can also be frozen for future use, when they can be thawed, fertilized, and transferred into the uterus. The problem with freezing any cell in the body is that the fluid inside of the cells can form damaging ice crystals. Vitrification is the practice of freezing an egg or embryo with extremely rapid cooling ‒ so fast that ice crystals never form.

Blastocyst Transfer

A blastocyst transfer is an embryo transfer which involves transferring one or more embryos that are at a very advanced stage of development, the so-called blastocyst stage. This is usually done on the fifth day after follicular aspiration. After the doctor has removed the eggs from an ovary (follicular aspiration), they are fertilised in the laboratory. This is done either by normal in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or by means of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Immediately after fertilisation, an egg starts to divide and develop into an embryo. The stages of development are as follows:
  • The pronuclear stage on the first day (fertilised egg)
  • The two to four-cell stage on the second day
  • The eight-cell stage on the third day
  • The morula stage on the fourth day and
  • The blastocyst stage on the fifth day
The doctor usually inserts one or more embryos in the woman’s uterus two to three days after egg retrieval. This process is referred to as embryo transfer. The embryos can also develop in an incubator up to the fifth day, i.e. the blastocyst stage, thanks to improved cell culture media (blastocyst culture). If the doctor transfers such developed embryos into the woman’s uterus, this is referred to as blastocyst transfer.
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